EVI-28
250-Watt Two-Way
Compact Vari Intense®
Speaker System
• Ground-breaking advance in single-
box utility
• New small-format Vari Intense® horn
for consistant SPL throughout the
room
• DH2010A titanium compression driver
• Dual 8-inch high-power woofers with
amplitude, frequency and delay
shading
• 1400-watt peak, 250-watt long-term
power capacity
• Secure terminal strip inputs
• Compact, lightweight, refinishable,
easy-to-install enclosure with
U-bracket option
horn driven by the DH2010A one-inch
throat, wide-bandwidth, titanium-dia-
phragm compression driver. This driver
uses a unique, convex-drive Time PathTM
phasing plug structure (U.S. Patent
#4,525,604). The voice coil is coupled to
the diaphragm with EV’s exclusive Reso-
nant DriveTM technology. This increases
and smooths the high-frequency response
and reduces the amount of internal equal-
ization for flat frequency response past
25,000 Hz.
EV’s self-resetting PROTM circuit is built into
the crossover network to guard the com-
pression driver from damage. If input
power to the driver exceeds the nominal
rating, the pro circuit is activated, reduc-
ing the power delivered to the driver by 6
dB. The system will remain in this mode of
operation until input power is reduced to a
safe level.
coil combined with a large magnet struc-
ture, a stiff, high-internal-damping cone
and high-temperature materials for years
of reliable performance.
The EVI-28 full-range Vari Intense® loud-
speaker system is the ideal system when-
ever high output full frequency range ma-
terial must be reproduced for balconies,
cinemas, distributed systems and smaller
rooms in churches, gymnasiums, auditori-
ums, hotels and civic centers.
Description
The Electro-Voice EVI-28 full-range loud-
speaker is a 250-watt, two-way, high-effi-
ciency system featuring a new small-for-
mat Vari Intense® horn and dual 210 mm
(8-inch) direct radiators in a compact
vented enclosure. The EVI-28 combines
patented-Vari Intense® technology with
amplitude-, frequency- and delay-shading
techniques in a fully passive system to a
package that is an industry first in perfor-
mance, size and cost-effectiveness.
Frequency Response
The EVI-28 is intended to be used as a
stand-alone full-range system, but may also
be used as the midbass/high-frequency
component in most multi-way loudspeaker
systems. The primary applications for the
EVI-28 are in smaller rooms, rooms with
lower ceilings than applicable for the
EVI-12 and EVI-15, and as a complemen-
tary system for upper balconies and un-
der-balcony areas. The system is optimized
for regular throws on sloped floorplans of
approximately 10 to 15 degrees or long
throws on a flat floorplan relative to the
mounting height.
The combination of dual 210 mm (8-inch)
woofers, a wide-bandwidth high-frequency
driver and an equalized, delay-, frequency-
and amplitude-shading crossover results
in the wide and smooth overall response
shown in Figure 1. The EVI-28’s long-throw
axial frequency response was measured in
Electro-Voice’s large anechoic chamber at
a distance of 10 feet with a swept sine-
wave input of 4 volts. Figure 1 has been
averaged and corrected for 1 watt/1 meter.
The optimally vented bass section of the
EVI-28 is designed using Thiele-Small
parameters for efficient performance to
below 60 Hz. The dual proprietary 210-mm
(8-inch) high power, long excursion low fre-
quency drivers deliver outstanding perfor-
mance. The woofers feature a low-mass
extended 51-mm (2-inch) diameter voice
Directivity
The polar response of the EVI-28 speaker
system at selected one-third-octave band-
widths is shown in Figure 2. These polar
The high-frequency section of the EVI-28
utilizes a new small-format Vari Intense®
1. The use of Vari Intense® horns is protected by U.S. patent
#5,020,630.
EVI-28 250-Watt Two-Way Compact Vari Intense® Speaker System
term average level stresses the speaker
thermally (heat). The instantaneous peaks
test mechanical reliability (cone and dia-
phragm excursion). The sine-wave test sig-
nals sometimes used have a much less de-
manding peak value relative to their aver-
age level, providing a much higher power
handling specification than is appropriate
for real-world use. In actual use, long-term
average levels exist from several seconds
on up, but we apply the long-term average
for eight hours, adding another measure
of reliability. Additional extremely high-
stress tests developed in-house push com-
ponents to the limits to ensure long-term
reliability under the most extreme cases of
abuse.
propriate power amplifier output rating.
vent low-frequency signal below band-
pass from going to the loudspeaker. When
using and active crossover, a high-pass
filter with a cut-off frequency of 35- to 50-Hz
will provide the necessary protection. The
filter should have a slope of at least 12 dB
per octave. Such subpass band filters are
found in many crossovers and equalizers
manufactured by Electro-Voice, as well as
other commercially available equipment.
1. To use the EVI-28 to full capacity,
skilled experts in sound-system instal-
lation and operation will obtain the
best results if the power amplifier is
2.0 to 4.0 times the long-term average
noise power rating of the speaker
system. For the EVI-28, this is 500
to 1000 watts.
The caution cannot be made strongly
enough, however, that this arrangement
is only for experts or for those who can
discipline themselves against “pushing”
the system for ever-higher sound levels
and who can avoid “accidents” such as
catastrophic feedback or dropped micro-
phones.
Enclosure Construction and Refinishing
The enclosure is constructed from high-
grade void-free 12-mm (0.5-inch) 9-ply and
18-mm (0.71-inch) thick 13-ply birch ply-
wood and lined with sound-absorbent cot-
ton batting. This high-strength enclosure
is coated with an attractive textured black
or white finish for a truly professional ap-
pearance. Systems with unfinished enclo-
sures suitable for staining come with a black
grille and may be ordered for a small addi-
tional charge. The included 3/8-16 hang-
ing points ensure easy installation in nearly
every application. The grille is constructed
from a sturdy 16-gauge medium-gloss black
or white powder-coated steel and may be
painted or covered with cloth to match the
enclosure. If the grille is painted, the acous-
tic foam insert should be removed during
painting and reattached with a contact or
spray adhesive on the grille, such as 3M
Super 77. Take extreme care to replace the
foam insert in its original position and pre-
vent paint or adhesive from covering the
foam, as it will obstruct the pores and de-
grade the performance of the system.
Specifically, the EVI-28 is designed to with-
stand the power test described in ANSI/
EIA RS-426-A 1980. The EIA test spec-
trum is applied for eight hours. To obtain
the spectrum, the output of a white-noise
generator (white noise is a particular type
of random noise with equal energy per
bandwidth in Hz) is fed to a shaping filter
with 6-dB-per-octave slopes below 40 Hz
and above 318 Hz. When measured with
the usual constant-percentage bandwidth
analyzer (one-third-octave), this shaping
filter produces a spectrum whose 3-dB-
down points are at 100 Hz and 1,200 Hz with
a 3-dB-per-octave slope above 1,200 Hz.
This shaped signal is sent to the power am-
plifier with the continuous power set at
250 watts into the 6.9-ohm EIA equivalent
impedance. Amplifier clipping sets instan-
taneous peaks at 6 dB above the continu-
ous power, or 1000 watts peak. The EVI-28
has been thoroughly tested at an AES
equivalent power level of 350 watts con-
tinuous for 2 hours with 1,400 watt peaks.
This procedure provides a rigorous test of
both thermal and mechanical failure modes.
2. A more conservative, “normal” ampli-
fier size, which will produce audible
results nearly equal to those of the
“expert” recommendation, is 1.0 to 1.4
times the long-term average noise
power rating of the speaker. For the
EVI-28, this is 250 to 350 watts.
3. To be very conservative, one can use
an amplifier rated at 0.5 to 0.7 times
the long-term average noise power
rating of the loudspeaker. For the EVI-
28, this is 125 to 175 watts.
Request P.A. Bible Addition No. Two
(“Power Handling Capacity”) for more
background on these recommendations.
EVI-28 Connections
Electrical connections to the system are
made by large screw terminals able to ac-
cept up to 10-gauge wire, mounted to an
input panel on the back of the enclosure.
Suspending EVI-28 Enclosures
WARNING: Suspending any object is po-
tentially dangerous and should only be at-
tempted by individuals who have a thor-
ough knowledge of the techniques and
regulations of rigging objects overhead.
Electro-Voice strongly recommends that
the EVI-28 be suspended taking into ac-
count all current national, federal, state
and local regulations. It is the installer’s
responsibility to ensure that the speaker
system has been safely installed in accor-
dance with all such regulations. Electro-
Voice strongly recommends that all sus-
Speaker Protection
The EVI-28 like all other vented systems
experiences rapidly increasing cone excur-
sion below the box tuning frequency, while
the acoustic output decreases rapidly. To
ensure a long woofer life even when used
at high power levels, it is recommended
that some form of electronics be used to
control unnecessary woofer cone excur-
sion.
Amplifier Power Recommendations
As noted in the Power-Handling Capacity
section above, the EVI-28 has a random-
noise power capacity of 250-watts long
term (1000-watts peak) per ANSI/EIA
RS-426-A 1980. The following guide-
lines will help relate this number to an ap-
Graphic equalizers and active crossovers
are two methods that can be used to pre-
3
EVI-28 250-Watt Two-Way Compact Vari Intense® Speaker System
pended items be inspected at least once a
year and any weakened or damaged parts
be replaced immediately.
structed of 12-mm (0.5-inch) 9-ply and
18-mm (0.71-inch) 13-ply birch plywood
and shall be braced and lined with sound-
absorbent glass wool. The finish of the
enclosure shall be textured black or white
and a removable black or white metal grille
shall be provided. The dimensions of the
enclosure shall be 353 mm (13.9 inches)
high by 496 mm (19.5 inches) wide by
523 mm (20.6 inches) deep. The loud-
speaker system shall weigh 13 kg (35 lb).
Voice or any of its authorized service rep-
resentatives together with proof of pur-
chase of the product in the form of a bill of
sale or receipted invoice. A list of autho-
rized service representatives is available
from Electro-Voice at 600 Cecil Street, Bucha-
nan, MI49107(616/695-6831or800/234-6831).
Incidental and Consequential Damages Ex-
cluded: Product repair or replacement and
return to the customer are the only rem-
edies provided to the customer. Electro-
Voice shall not be liable for any incidental
or consequential damages including, with-
out limitation, injury to persons or prop-
erty or loss of use. Some states do not
allow the exclusion or limitation of inciden-
tal or consequential damages so the above
limitation or exclusion may not apply to
you. Other Rights: This warranty gives
you specific legal rights, and you may also
have other rights which vary from state to
state.
The recommended mounting method is the
optional U-Bracket hanging kit, EVI-28MB,
available in black or white. It attaches to
the 3/8” t-nut locations on each side of the
enclosure, allowing the system to be hung
individually or in an array. A set of mount-
ing holes for an OmniMount 100 are in-
cluded on each EVI-28MB bracket.
Electro-Voice recommends a minimum
safety factor of 8:1, or greater if local codes
or regulations exceed this amount. The
EVI-28MB brackets exceed this safety fac-
tor when installed in compliance with
Electro-Voice recommendations.
The loudspeaker system shall be the
Electro-Voice EVI-28.
Uniform Limited Warranty
Electro-Voice products are guaranteed
against malfunction due to defects in ma-
terials or workmanship for a specified pe-
riod, as noted in the individual product-
line statement(s) below, or in the individual
product data sheet or owner’s manual, be-
ginning with the date of original purchase.
If such malfunction occurs during the
specified period, the product will be re-
paired or replaced (at our option) without
charge. The product will be returned to the
customer prepaid. Exclusions and Limita-
tions: The Limited Warranty does not ap-
ply to: (a) exterior finish or appearance; (b)
certain specific items described in the indi-
vidual product-line statement(s) below, or
in the individual product data sheet or
owner’s manual; (c) malfunction resulting
from use or operation of the product other
than as specified in the product data sheet
or owner’s manual; (d) malfunction result-
ing from misuse or abuse of the product;
or (e) malfunction occurring at any time
after repairs have been made to the prod-
uct by anyone other than Electro-Voice or
any of its authorized service representa-
tives. Obtaining Warranty Service: To
obtain warranty service, a customer must
deliver the product, prepaid, to Electro-
Architect's and Engineer's
Specifications
The loudspeaker system shall be of the
full-range type consisting of dual 210-mm
(8-inch) high-efficiency, extended-voice-
coil, high-power woofers in a vented en-
closure and a 25.4 mm (1-inch) exit com-
pression driver loaded with a small-format
Vari Intense® horn. The loudspeaker sys-
tem shall employ a passive crossover that
provides amplitude, frequency and delay
shading to the 8-inch woofers and provide
high-frequency protection for the com-
pression driver. The loudspeaker system
shall meet the following performance crite-
ria. Power handling shall be 250 watts of
pink noise with an 6-dB crest factor for
eight hours, or 350 watts of pink noise with
an 6-dB crest factor for two hours, band-
limited from 62 Hz to 25 kHz. Frequency
response shall be smooth and uniformly
usable from 62 Hz to 25 kHz. Pressure sen-
sitivity shall be 93.0 dB SPL when mea-
sured at one meter on axis with one watt
of band-limited pink noise from 62 Hz to
25 kHz. The enclosure shall be con-
Electro-Voice Speakers and Speaker Sys-
tems are guaranteed against malfunction
due to defects in materials or workman-
ship for a period of five (5) years from the
date of original purchase. The Limited War-
ranty does not apply to burned voice coils
or malfunctions such as cone and/or coil
damage resulting from improperly de-
signed enclosures. Electro-Voice active
electronics associated with the speaker
systems are guaranteed for three (3) years
from the date of original purchase. Addi-
tional details are included in the Uniform
Limited Warranty statement.
Service and repair address for this prod-
uct: Electro-Voice, Inc., 600 Cecil Street,
Buchanan, Michigan 49107 (616/695-6831
or 800/234-6831).
Electro-Voice operates under a policy of
continuous improvement, therefore speci-
fications subject to change without notice.
4
EVI-28 250-Watt Two-Way Compact Vari Intense® Speaker System
Figure 1 — EVI-28 Long-Throw
Frequency Response (4 volts/10 feet
normalized to 1 watt/ 1 meter, anechoic
environment)
HORIZONTAL
VERTICAL
5 dB per division
Figure 2 — Polar Response
5
EVI-28 250-Watt Two-Way Compact Vari Intense® Speaker System
Figure 3 — EVI-28 Impedance
Figure 4 — EVI-28 Distortion at 0.1
Rated Power, 25W
(anechoic environment)
Figure 5 — EVI-28 Short-Throw
Horizontal Beamwidth vs. Frequency
(anechoic environment @ 20ft)
6
EVI-28 250-Watt Two-Way Compact Vari Intense® Speaker System
Figure 6 — EVI-28 Long-Throw
Horizontal and Vertical Beamwidth vs.
Frequency (anechoic environment
@ 20ft)
Figure 7 — EVI-28 Directivity vs.
Frequency (anechoic environment
@ 20ft)
Figure 8 — EVI-28 Dimensions
Figure 9 — Balcony Installation
Figure 10 — Small-Room Installation
7
EVI-28 250-Watt Two-Way Compact Vari Intense® Speaker System
1,000-20,000 Hz, Long-Throw Horizontal:
65 degrees +/-20 degrees
High Pass:
12 dB per octave
Specifications
600-20,000 Hz, Vertical:
Impedance (see Figure 3):
Nominal:
8 ohms
Minimum:
6.2 ohms (225 Hz)
Input Connections:
Large shielded screw terminals for up
to 10 gauge wire
Driver Protection, High Frequency:
Solid-state self-resetting circuit
(PROTM circuit) drops output 6 dB
Enclosure:
Direct-radiating vented LF, built of 12 mm
(0.5-inch) 9-ply and 18 mm (0.71-inch)
13-ply birch plywood with appropriate
bracing, lined with flame-retardant cotton
batting
Axial Frequency Response, Swept Sine
Wave, 4 volts at 3.05 meters (10 feet),
anechoic environment, normalized for 1
watt at 1 meter; see Figure 1:
62-25,000Hz
Low-Frequency 3-dB-Down Point:
62 Hz
Usable Low-Frequency Limit (10-dB-Down
Point):
65 degrees +/-20 degrees
Directivity Factor, Rθ(Q) 1,600 - 20,000 Hz
average (see Figure 7):
11.7 (+3.5,-3.8)
Recommended Operational Vertical Angle
(see Figure 4):
-5 degrees to -45 degrees
Distortion, 0.1 Full Power Input (see Fig-
ure 4), Second Harmonic,
100 Hz:
-49 dB, 0.35%
1000 Hz:
-51 dB, 0.3%
10,000 Hz:
-27 dB, 4.5%
Third Harmonic,
100 Hz:
-50 dB, 0.3%
1000 Hz:
-58 dB, 0.1%
10,000 Hz:
-44 dB, 0.6%
Transducer Complement,
Low Frequency:
Dual 8-inch high-efficiency, high-
power woofers
High Frequency:
DH2010A driver
Box-Tuning Frequency:
67 Hz
Crossover Specifications, Full-range,
Crossover Frequency:
2,000 Hz
50 Hz
Half-Space Reference Efficiency:
1.1%
Power Handling Capacity (see Power-Han-
dling Capacity Section):
250 watts, long-term continuous
(8-hour)
350 watts, short-term continuous
(2-hour)
1400 watts, peak power
Maximum Woofer Acoustic Output:
3.8 watts
Sensitivity (SPL at 1 watt, 1 meter input,
anechoic environment, swept sine wave, 62-
25,000Hz):
Enclosure Colors:
Black or white with black or white pow
der-coated perforated-metal grille
Dimensions (see Figure 8):
Height:
353 mm (13.9 inch)
Width:
496 mm (19.5 inch)
Depth:
523 mm (20.6 inch)
Net Weight:
16.3 kg (36 lb)
Shipping Weight:
21.8 kg (48 lb)
Accessories:
Electro-Voice EVI-28MB-BK black
U-Bracket suspension kit
Electro-Voice EVI-28MB-WH white
U-Bracket suspension kit
Attachment Points:
93 dB
Maximum Output (SPL at rated power, in-
cluding any power compression due to
nonlinearities in the system):
116 dB SPL, long-term continuous
117.5 dB SPL, short-term continuous
123.5 dB SPL, short-term peak
Dispersion Angle Included by 6-dB-Down
Points on Polar Responses, Indicated One-
Third-Octave Bands of Pink Noise (see Fig-
ures 5 and 6):
Crossover Slope,
Low Pass:
12 dB per octave with frequency, de-
lay and amplitude shading
800-20,000 Hz, Short-Throw Horizontal:
110 degrees +/-20 degrees
Two 3/8”-16 hanging points included
600 Cecil Street, Buchanan, MI 49107
800/234-6831, 616/695-6831, 616/695-1304 Fax
©Telex Communications, Inc., 1998 • Litho in U.S.A.
SPEAKERS - Full-Range
Part Number 534622 — 9812
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